Talking
points on Hurricanes Rita and Katrina, and climate change
by Daphne Wysham, IPS Fellow / SEEN co-director, September 2005
1) Hurricane
intensity is increasing due to ocean warming.
- While
hurricane frequency is seasonably varied, recent scientific studies show
that the intensity of hurricanes is increasing. While one can never say
there is a clear link in the chaos of global weather systems between an
increase in greenhouse gas emissions and a specific weather event, Hurricanes
Rita and Katrina appear to fit within the pattern of increasing hurricane
intensity. These were the third and fourth most powerful hurricanes in recorded
Atlantic basin history, and fed off unusually warm tropical waters.
2) Forget the
propaganda: Climate change is real and it is happening.
- The Bush
administration and its
congressional, media, and corporate allies have confused the American
public about the science around global
warming. But make no mistake: global warming is in fact underway.
Temperatures are rising at a pace that may outstrip the capacities of plants
and animals -- including humans -- to adapt. Feedback loops, such as melting
glaciers (white snow reflects heat; dark soil absorbs it), methane being
released from permafrost (methane is over 20 times more potent a greenhouse
gas than CO2), forest fires (releasing stored CO2 into the atmosphere) and
other interdependent phenomena all determine whether or not we will face
an average 3 to 9 degree Fahrenheit rise over the next century. A 3-degree
average Fahrenheit increase will be a tragedy; a 9-degree average change
would be a global catastrophe.
3) Hurricane
Katrina was as much a manmade disaster as it was a natural disaster.
- Hurricane
Katrina was made much worse by human interference in the ecosystem on the
global, regional and local level. Oil and gas production over the past century
has removed critical mass from below, and has
accelerated natural subsidence. Levees and concrete channels designed
to control the Mississippi have tried unsuccessfully to tame a region of
the United States that will grow ever more vulnerable to rising sea levels
and hurricanes as the planet warms.
4) A century
of petrochemical industrialization and poverty compounded the disaster and poses
long-term health risks.
- Just as
following the attack on the World Trade Centers of 9/11, some government
officials are encouraging people to return to the areas devastated by the
hurricanes. Yet most
people who were exposed to the towers' collapse have reported new respiratory
problems and other adverse health effects. And unlike in New York City,
some of the most toxic, chemical-laden
sites of the world are found in the Mississippi River delta. Poverty compounds
this crisis: Over 20 percent of the people of Alabama, Mississippi, and
Louisiana, live in poverty, and the region suffered from inadequate health care
prior to Katrina. The hurricane finished off much of this threadbare infrastructure.
Fully funded long-term health care and monitoring for the victims of Katrina
must become a prerequisite for relief and reconstruction.
5) Relief and
reconstruction can overcome historical patterns of pollution and discrimination
by following the environmental justice framework.
- The combination
of discrimination and pollution in the lower Mississippi River spawned the
global environmental justice movement, which is now rallying behind the
concept of "Green Relief." This framework
emphasizes unity, redressing disparities, cleanup accountability, transparency,
skills training, green communities, healthy shelter, long-term health monitoring,
and economic diversification.
6) All those
who care about social and racial justice, poverty, hunger and disease must place
climate change work high on their agendas and not assume it is the purview of
only environmentalists any more.
- We need
all hands on deck. Race and class clearly played a major role in the casualties
around these hurricanes. The poor, living on the most marginal land, are
predicted to continue to suffer the most, both at home and abroad, as the
world warms.
Crop failure, an increase in vector-borne diseases, and
water shortages
all hit the poorest the hardest. But none of us are immune: In the aftermath
of hurricanes Katrina and Rita, we are beginning to glimpse how an increase
in such ferocious storms affects every aspect of our society, and thus must
urgently be addressed at the local, regional, national and international
level.
7) Hurricane
Katrina's aftermath places in plain view of the American people just how skewed
our budget priorities are, particularly around the war in Iraq.
- Not only
are we spending hundreds of billions on a war based on lies in Iraq, the
National Guard is stretched thin, due to the war in Iraq, and was ill-prepared
to protect its own country, as a result. This disaster reveals just how
vulnerable President George W. Bush has made our country to future disasters,
either "natural" or manmade. As with 9/11, the Bush administration ignored
information about the potential for disaster. Government officials, activists,
journalists, and scientists repeatedly raised concerns, which were treated
with routine disregard by the Bush administration. Instead of protecting
its citizens, the White House and Congress
slashed budgets for levee construction and wetlands protection and censored
the science around climate change at the highest levels of government.
8) Reconstruction
contracts must be allotted only to corporations that have not been fined for
illegal and corrupt practices in the past.
- Like in
Iraq, reconstruction contracts appear to be largely going to major corporations
with strong ties to the Bush Administration (Halliburton), despite allegations
of over-charging and corrupt activity in Iraq and elsewhere. Congress must
prevent the continuation of cronyism .
9) We all have
a stake in the U.S. returning to the climate negotiations.
- The international
community is to be commended for its generosity and compassion in response
to these hurricanes. They have helped the U.S. even though this country
emits roughly a quarter of the world's greenhouse gases and refuses to engage
in meaningful climate change preventative measures. The U.S. is attempting
to undermine the globally negotiated Climate Convention by shifting leadership
to bodies over which it has more control, namely the G8 and World Bank.
The US should show its gratitude by rejoining the international community
in climate negotiations this November in Montreal, abandoning the reckless
G8 and World Bank processes, and agreeing to drastically limit its consumption
of and public investment in fossil fuels.